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Oxycodone is a powerful prescription opioid that can be an effective tool for managing moderate to severe pain. It is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from thebaine, a substance found in the opium poppy plant. [1]

Though highly effective when used as prescribed by a healthcare provider, its potential for abuse and addiction is significant. In fact, over the past few decades, opioid addiction has become a public health crisis, with oxycodone often at the center of the discussion.

Oxycodone acts on the central nervous system (CNS) to change the way the body feels and responds to pain. This substance is available in various forms, including immediate-release tablets, extended-release formulations (often sold under brand names such as OxyContin), and in combination with other pain relievers like acetaminophen (Percocet). [1]

Unfortunately, this opioid’s euphoric effects make it highly susceptible to misuse. These pleasant effects are often compared to those of other opioids like heroin. Misuse occurs when the drug is taken in a way that is not prescribed by a doctor.

Some take the drug in higher doses or use it without a prescription. Some even snort or inject oxycodone to achieve a faster, more intense high. This susceptibility to abuse makes it important to discuss the signs and symptoms of oxycodone abuse and addiction. This is what we are going to discuss here today.

Why is Oxycodone So Addictive?

The addictive potential of oxycodone, like other opioids, lies in how it interacts with the brain’s reward system. As an opioid, it works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, blocking pain signals and inducing a feeling of euphoria.

In the process, it releases dopamine, which is the neurotransmitter that creates a sense of well-being. This signals the brain to reinforce the desire to take more of the substance. Over time, the brain becomes dependent on the substance to experience pleasure and function normally. As the body builds tolerance, higher doses are needed to achieve the same effect, escalating the risk of addiction. [1]

It is therefore easy to see why people get addicted. But why do they take this drug in the first place?

Many start using it for legitimate pain relief, however its euphoric effects can lead to misuse. When taken in larger doses or more frequently than prescribed, it can produce a sense of calm, numbness, and detachment from pain or emotional stress. This makes it appealing not only to those in physical pain but also to those seeking to escape mental health issues.

Those who are struggling with anxiety, depression, or trauma may be more susceptible to substance abuse. The potent and quick-acting nature of oxycodone makes it easy for users to lose control, falling into a cycle of misuse that can result in dependency and addiction.

It is important to take this medication exactly as prescribed. Do not take more of it or take it more often than you are supposed to. Take oxycodone as directed by your doctor to minimize the risk of addiction. [1]

Signs and Symptoms of Oxycodone Addiction

Prevention is better than cure, and that also applies to substance use disorders (SUDs) such as oxycodone addiction. This is why recognizing the signs of addiction is crucial for protecting yourself as well as your loved ones from its dangers.

Addiction itself is a complex medical condition that is characterized by a person’s inability to control or limit their drug intake. This means even if they are already suffering from its effects, they will keep abusing the substance.

The signs of oxycodone addiction can be both physical and behavioral, and they vary depending on the severity and duration of the addiction.

Physical Signs of Oxycodone Addiction

The physical signs of oxycodone addiction can manifest in various noticeable ways. Loved ones are often the first to notice these changes as they often affect the person’s appearance. For example, you may notice things like pale skin, pinpoint pupils, and sudden changes in the person’s weight.

Those with an addiction to oxycodone may frequently appear drowsy or sedated, often nodding off mid-conversation or in unusual situations. There may also be a noticeable lack of coordination, sluggish movements, and slower reaction times. [2]

Respiratory problems, like shallow or labored breathing, are significant signs of oxycodone use. It is important to pay attention to these signs as they can become life-threatening.

Other physical symptoms can include chronic constipation, nausea, vomiting, itching, and frequent headaches. Additionally, track marks or needle scars may be visible if the drug is injected. Prolonged use can result in physical dependence, where the person experiences withdrawal symptoms such as muscle aches, sweating, and shaking when not using the drug. [2]

Behavioral and Psychological Signs of Oxycodone Addiction

Oxycodone addiction affects more than just the body—it profoundly impacts behavior, relationships, and mental health. Some behavioral signs include:

Intense Cravings

Craving oxycodone is one of the most prominent signs of addiction, often manifesting as an overwhelming desire to obtain and use the drug. Addicted individuals may find themselves preoccupied with thoughts of oxycodone, constantly planning how to secure their next dose. [1]

This craving can be triggered by physical withdrawal symptoms, emotional distress, or environmental cues associated with past drug use. The intensity of these cravings can lead a person to prioritize the drug over other important aspects of their life.

Loss of Control

Cravings and compulsive thoughts lead to an inability to control your intake. They may start taking oxycodone in larger amounts or for longer periods than intended, despite wanting to cut back.

This inability to regulate their consumption often leads to a cycle of misuse. The person may feel powerless to resist the urge to take the drug. Friends and family may notice that the individual struggles to stick to limits or has frequent lapses in judgment regarding their drug use, highlighting the grip oxycodone has on their life.

Doctor Shopping

Doctor shopping is a common behavior among those addicted to oxycodone. This involves visiting multiple healthcare providers to obtain prescriptions repeatedly without the knowledge of the other doctors. [1]

This tactic is often used to circumvent legal restrictions on the quantity of medication that can be prescribed at one time. Some people may fabricate or exaggerate symptoms to obtain prescriptions from multiple doctors, showcasing a willingness to deceive and manipulate others to satisfy their addiction.

Neglecting Responsibilities

As we mentioned earlier, the person’s priorities will begin to shift as addiction develops. Neglecting responsibilities is therefore a hallmark of oxycodone addiction.

As the addiction progresses, tasks such as work commitments, household chores, and family interactions may become increasingly overlooked. This neglect often leads to deteriorating relationships and job performance, causing significant distress for both the individual and those around them. [2]

The decline in responsibility can be alarming, as loved ones may witness the once-reliable person gradually withdrawing from their roles and duties.

Financial Problems

Financial problems frequently arise as a consequence of oxycodone addiction, primarily due to the escalating costs associated with obtaining the drug. Addicted individuals may find themselves spending significant portions of their income on prescriptions or illicit purchases, leading to debt and financial instability. [2]

This strain can result in compromised living conditions. They may prioritize oxycodone over essential needs such as food, housing, and medical care. As they become increasingly unreliable, they may struggle with maintaining their employment due to lowered productivity and quality of work.

Additionally, some may resort to illegal activities or borrowing money to sustain their addiction, further complicating their financial situation and leading to potential legal consequences.

Isolation and Secrecy

Isolation and secrecy are prevalent behaviors in those struggling with oxycodone addiction. [2]

As the addiction deepens, they may withdraw from social circles and activities they once enjoyed, choosing to spend time alone to use the drug without judgment. This secrecy often extends to concealing their drug use from friends and family. They may even change their social circle to spend more time with people who tolerate their drug abuse.

The desire to hide their addiction can perpetuate a cycle of isolation, making it more challenging for them to seek help or support from loved ones.

Treatment for Oxycodone Addiction

While oxycodone addiction can feel overwhelming, recovery is possible with the right treatment and support.

Keep in mind that just like other chronic illnesses, there is no cure for drug addiction. However, it can be treated and maintained. Through proper addiction treatment, an addicted person can become sober again. They will also learn throughout their stay in rehab healthy coping mechanisms that will help them maintain their sobriety even after they finish treatment.

As with other types of substance use disorders, treatment for oxycodone addiction typically involves a combination of medical intervention, behavioral therapy, and long-term support to address its physical and psychological effects.

This process typically begins with a comprehensive detoxification, also known as medical detox. It involves gradually clearing the drug from the body while managing the person’s cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Healthcare professionals will ensure that the patient is as safe and comfortable as possible throughout this difficult stage of recovery. Because withdrawal from oxycodone can be dangerous, medical detox in a supervised setting is often recommended. [3]

Medical professionals may administer medications like methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone to reduce cravings and alleviate withdrawal symptoms. [3]

Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) may continue for months or even years, depending on the individual’s needs, helping to sustain recovery and prevent relapse.

Treatment may be done in an inpatient or outpatient setting, depending on the person’s specific needs and circumstances. Inpatient treatment is generally more intensive and focused, while outpatient rehab offers more flexibility.

After detox, long-term treatment strategies often include behavioral therapy, counseling, and participation in support groups. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals identify and change patterns of thinking and behavior that contribute to their addiction. [3]

While the goal of detox is to address the physical effects of substance abuse, therapy and counseling allow patients to explore the underlying emotional issues that have contributed to their addiction.

Support groups are also a huge part of the recovery journey as they provide community and accountability. These support groups give patients space to share their thoughts, feelings, struggles, and progress without fear of judgment.

Because drug addiction often co-occurs with mental health issues, dual diagnosis treatment is necessary. Dual diagnosis addresses both conditions at the same time so that the complex relationship between the two is properly acknowledged.

Finally, treatment programs incorporate long-term support and aftercare because recovery is a lifelong process. These aftercare efforts are geared towards relapse prevention and maintaining sobriety.

This can include participation in support groups or continued therapy sessions to reinforce coping skills and address any emerging challenges. Aftercare plans are personalized to meet individual needs, helping to maintain sobriety and reduce the risk of relapse.

Spotting the signs of addiction is crucial for early intervention. If you or someone you know is struggling with oxycodone misuse, seeking help as soon as possible can make a significant difference in the outcome. By recognizing the signs of addiction and taking action early, you can avoid many of the long-term consequences associated with opioid use disorder. Look for a rehab near you today to learn more.

 

Sources:

[1]: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682132.html

[2]: https://www.cedarcresthospital.com/addiction/prescription-drug/oxycodone/symptoms-signs-effects/

[3]: https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/opioid-use-disorder

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