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Oxymorphone , Birmingham Alabama

Oxymorphone is a potent semi-synthetic opioid painkiller or analgesic which referred to as narcotic. It acts in the nervous and other body systems such as the respiratory and circulatory systems. The drug also changes how the body the body’s perception of pain and how it responds to it. Correspondingly, most of the side effects of oxymorphone belong to the reaction in the central nervous system.


The drug is prescribed to relieve mild to serious pain. Doctors prescribed oxymorphone to patients who need a constant treatment of pain for a long period of time. These cases usually cannot be treated with other medication. Furthermore, the drug is used in operative medication to relieve anxiety and as an obstetric analgesic. Oxymorphone commonly marketed under brand names of Opana.

 

History of Oxymorphone

In 1914, oxymorphone was first synthesized in Germany. Enda Pharmaceuticals patented oxymorphone in 1955 and brought in the United States in 1959. Within the year, the drug was internationally marketed. Scientists created oxymorphone to have less potent side effects than morphine and heroin. Also, doctors prescribed oxymorphone to patients who acquired a tolerance for a particular painkiller.

 

Authorities released a medical bulletin removing oxymorphone in the market in the 1070s. The drug was marketed under the brand name of Numorphan. In 1989, users call the drug as “blues” after a Gus Van Sant film “Drugstore Cowboy.” The movie set in the early 70’s about a family of traveling drug users.

 

Other street names of oxymorphone include blues, Mrs. O, orgasna, oranges, octagons, pink heaven, blue heaven, OM, pink lady and stop signs.

 

How Oxymorphone is Abused

Any person who takes oxymorphone without a valid reason or a legitimate prescription is already considered as a drug abuse. Regular exposure to oxymorphone can lead to tolerance which leads to a higher dose to attain its effects. Prolonged exposure may result from dependence on the drug.


Any time Opana is used outside of a legitimate prescription, it is considered to be drug abuse. In 2014, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health or NSDUH discovered that around 4.5 million American, over the age of 12 considered as abusers of oxymorphone. Correspondingly, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention or CDC released a medical bulletin calling the drug abuse as an epidemic.

 

The agency based their bulletin when numbers of opioid painkillers and overdose fatalities ballooned within 15 years from the years 1999 to 2014.

 

Unfortunately, users can take Opana, a brand name for oxymorphone orally even without prescription. Also, users can alter the tablet form of the drug by crushing so it can be snorted, or prepared for IV injection. In March 2015, outbreak reports of HIV cases for oxymorphone drug abuse as an injectable drug caused a concern of state officials in Austin and Indiana.

Signs and Symptoms of Oxymorphone Use

As analgesics, oxymorphone can show effects similar to oxycodone, hydrocodone, heroin, and morphine. In 2012, scientist found out that rare blood diseases resulted from using the intravenous injection form of oxymorphone since the recent formulation came out in the market.

 

Mild Side Effects of Oxymorphone

The list below shows the moderate side effects of the drug. It is important for the patient to seek medical help if the symptoms persist:

constipation

  •    dizziness and/or lightheadedness
  •    headache
  •    dry mouth
  •    stomach pain
  •    extreme exhaustion
  •    insomnia
  •    itching

What Are The Severe Effects of Oxymorphone Abuse?

  •    extreme dizziness
  •    severe mood changes and/or agitation
  •    chest pain
  •    chest pain and/or irregular heartbeat
  •    fainting
  •    hives
  •    hoarseness
  •    nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite
  •    rash
  •    reduced sexual desire
  •    seizures
  •    swelling
  •    visual hallucinations


In certain cases, an overdose may happen to users. Oxymorphone overdose is characterized by sleepiness, depression, skeletal muscle weakness and can result in coma. If any of these signs are apparent, seek medical help immediately.

What Are Symptoms of Oxymorphone Overdose?

  •    bluish-colored skin or fingernails
  •    cold, sweaty hands
  •    difficulty in breathing slowed or ceased breathing
  •    increase or decrease of the pupils
  •    weak muscles
  •    extreme sleepiness
  •    loss of consciousness

 

When to seek help

Anyone who increases the dosage of the medication and self-prescribes is a cause for concern.  As the dosage increase, the chance of overdose also increased. These instances will eventually develop into a growing problem.

However, it is difficult to determine opiate abuse but not impossible. Anyone who becomes addicted to oxymorphone will gradually change their normal daily routine. A family member can somehow notice these changes.  Intervention plays an important part in breaking the habit. Health facilities can offer medical assistance for faster recovery.

Call RehabNear.me To find the best drug rehab facilities in your area.

About Birmingham

Birmingham ( BUR-ming-ham) is a city in the north central region of Alabama. Birmingham is the seat of Jefferson County, Alabama's most populous county. As of the 2022 census estimates, Birmingham had a population of 196,910, down 2% from the 2020 census, making it Alabama's third-most populous city after Huntsville and Montgomery. The broader Birmingham metropolitan area had a 2020 population of 1,115,289, and is the largest metropolitan area in Alabama as well as the 50th-most populous in the United States. Birmingham serves as an important regional hub and is associated with the Deep South, Piedmont, and Appalachian regions of the nation. Birmingham was founded in 1871, during the post–Civil War Reconstruction period, through the merger of three pre-existing farm towns, notably, Elyton. It grew from there, annexing many more of its smaller neighbors, into an industrial and railroad transportation center with a focus on mining, the iron and steel industry, and railroading. Birmingham was named after Birmingham, England, one of the UK's major industrial cities. Most of the original settlers who founded Birmingham were of English ancestry. The city may have been planned as a place where cheap, non-unionized, and often African-American labor from rural Alabama could be employed in the city's steel mills and blast furnaces, giving it a competitive advantage over industrial cities in the Midwest and Northeast. From its founding through the end of the 1960s, Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the South. The pace of Birmingham's growth during the period from 1881 through 1920 earned its nicknames The Magic City and The Pittsburgh of the South. Much like Pittsburgh, Birmingham's major industries were iron and steel production, plus a major component of the railroading industry, where rails and railroad cars were both manufactured in Birmingham. In the field of railroading, the two primary hubs of railroading in the Deep South were nearby Atlanta and Birmingham, beginning in the 1860s and continuing through to the present day. The economy diversified during the later half of the twentieth century. Though the manufacturing industry maintains a strong presence in Birmingham, other businesses and industries such as banking, telecommunications, transportation, electrical power transmission, medical care, college education, and insurance have risen in stature. Mining in the Birmingham area is no longer a major industry with the exception of coal mining. Birmingham ranks as one of the most important business centers in the Southeastern United States and is also one of the largest banking centers in the United States. In addition, the Birmingham area serves as headquarters to two Fortune 500 companies: Regions Financial and Vulcan Materials Company, along with multiple other Fortune 1000 companies. In higher education, Birmingham has been the location of the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine (formerly the Medical College of Alabama) and the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry since 1947. In 1969 the University of Alabama at Birmingham was established, one of three main campuses of the University of Alabama System. Birmingham is also home to three private institutions: Samford University, Birmingham-Southern College, and Miles College. Between these colleges and universities, the Birmingham area has major colleges of medicine, dentistry, optometry, pharmacy, law, engineering, and nursing. Birmingham is also the headquarters of the Southeastern Conference, one of the major U.S. collegiate athletic conferences.
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Rehab Treatments In Birmingham Alabama

About Alabama

Alabama ( AL-ə-BAM-ə) is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Alabama is nicknamed the Yellowhammer State, after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the "Heart of Dixie" and the "Cotton State". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery, and its largest city by population and area is Huntsville. Its oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists (Alabama Creoles) in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana. Greater Birmingham is Alabama's largest metropolitan area and its economic center. Originally home to many native tribes, present-day Alabama was a Spanish territory beginning in the sixteenth century until the French acquired it in the early eighteenth century. The British won the territory in 1763 until losing it in the American Revolutionary War. Spain held Mobile as part of Spanish West Florida until 1813. In December 1819, Alabama was recognized as a state. During the antebellum period, Alabama was a major producer of cotton, and widely used African American slave labor. In 1861, the state seceded from the United States to become part of the Confederate States of America, with Montgomery acting as its first capital, and rejoined the Union in 1868. Following the American Civil War, Alabama would suffer decades of economic hardship, in part due to agriculture and a few cash crops being the main driver of the state's economy. Similar to other former slave states, Alabamian legislators employed Jim Crow laws from the late 19th century up until the 1960s. High-profile events such as the Selma to Montgomery march made the state a major focal point of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. During and after World War II, Alabama grew as the state's economy diversified with new industries. NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville would help Alabama's economic growth in the mid-to-late 20th century, by developing an aerospace industry. Alabama's economy in the 21st century is based on automotive, finance, tourism, manufacturing, aerospace, mineral extraction, healthcare, education, retail, and technology. The state has diverse geography, with the north dominated by the mountainous Tennessee Valley and the south by Mobile Bay, a historically significant port. Politically, as part of the Deep South, Alabama is predominantly a conservative state, and is known for its Southern culture. Within Alabama, American football, particularly at the college level, plays a major part of the state's culture.
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